Indonesian Academia Health Sciences Journal
Vol 6 No 2 (2025): INDONESIAN ACADEMIA HEALTH SCIENCES JOURNAL

The Implementation of Spiritual Mindfulness Combined with Self-Regulation to Reduce Anxiety, Respiratory Rate, and Oxygen Saturation Levels in Patients in the Intensive Care Unit

Rachma Wati (Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya, Indonesia)
Nugroho Ari Wibowo (Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya, Indonesia)
Aries Chandra Ananditha (Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya, Indonesia)
Diah Priyantini (Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya, Indonesia)
Daviq Ayatulloh (Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan, Universitas Gresik)



Article Info

Publish Date
03 Apr 2026

Abstract

Background: Patients admitted to intensive care units (ICU/ICCU/HCU) often experience high levels of anxiety due to their critical condition, the presence of complex medical equipment, constant monitor alarms, and limited communication with family members. If left untreated, anxiety may affect physiological stability, including respiratory rate and oxygen saturation. Therefore, effective non-pharmacological interventions are needed to address both psychological and physiological responses. Objective: To determine the effect of implementing spiritual mindfulness combined with self-regulation on anxiety levels, respiratory rate, and oxygen saturation. Methods: This study used a pre-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest approach. The sample consisted of 15 patients who met the inclusion criteria. Data were collected through direct observation and questionnaires. Statistical analysis was performed using the Paired t-test and Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. Results: The findings showed a significant reduction in anxiety levels (p = 0.000; effect size = 12.63), a significant decrease in respiratory rate (p = 0.000; effect size = 2.171), and a statistically significant change in oxygen saturation (p = 0.001; effect size = 0.547) after the intervention of spiritual mindfulness combined with self-regulation was administered for three consecutive days. Conclusion: The implementation of spiritual mindfulness combined with self-regulation was proven effective in reducing anxiety levels and helping stabilize patients’ vital signs in the intensive care unit. This intervention may be applied as a complementary therapy in intensive care nursing practice.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

IAHS

Publisher

Subject

Health Professions

Description

Indonesian Academia Health Sciences Journal merupakan junal ilmiah berkala enam bulanan yang memuat berbagai artikel/naskah berupa hasil penelitian, studi kasus, hasil pemikiran, maupun karya tulis ilmiah oleh seluruh kalangan dalam bidang kesehatan. Karya ilmiah dapat berbentuk jurnal tugas akhir, ...