Chemical Characterization and Antioxidant Activity of Ethanol and n-Hexane Extract of Pangi Leaves (Pangium edule Reinw. ex Blume)

Jonathan Cavin Ezra Sinaga (Department of Chemistry Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Sam Ratulangi University, Manado, Indonesia)
Hartanto Bisma (Laboratory of Forensic Polda Sulut, Manado, Indonesia)
Josua Tampara (Laboratory of Forensic Polda Sulut, Manado, Indonesia)
Max Revolta John Runtuwene (Department of Chemistry Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Sam Ratulangi University, Manado, Indonesia)
Vanda Selvana Kamu (Department of Chemistry Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Sam Ratulangi University, Manado, Indonesia)
Dewa Gede Katja (Department of Chemistry Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Sam Ratulangi University, Manado, Indonesia)
Lidya Irma Momuat (Department of Chemistry Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Sam Ratulangi University, Manado, Indonesia)

Jurnal Ilmiah Sains
Volume 26 Issue 1, April 2026

Pangi leaves (Pangium edule Reinw. ex Blume) are a type of plant that is often consumed by the people of North Sulawesi. This study aims to determine the total phenolic content, chemical characterization using GC-MS and FTIR, and antioxidant activity of pangi leaves using solvents that have different polarities. Total phenolics were measured using the Folin-Ciocalteu method. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using the DPPH method. The total phenolic content showed that the ethanol extract had a content of 17.94 μg/mL and the n-hexane extract was 12.94 μg/mL. The ethanol extract (IC50 = 656.39 μg/mL) had better antioxidant activity than the n-hexane extract (IC50 = 1991.76 μg/mL). Based on the GCMS results, 19 compounds were obtained from the ethanol extract and 16 compounds from the n-hexane extract. The FTIR results of the ethanol extract and n-hexane extract have functional groups -OH, aliphatic C-H, C=C (alkene or aromatic), C=O, and C-O. Keywords: Antioxidants; GCMS analysis; FTIR analysis; pangi leaves; DPPH