Legal Challenges to Proving Deepfake Video Evidence in the Criminal Justice Process in Indonesia

Daniel Johnson Goenawan (Universitas Pelita Harapan, Indonesia)
Muhammad Naufal Rionatadiradja (Universitas Pelita Harapan, Indonesia)
Reyzel Yandika Lim (Universitas Pelita Harapan, Indonesia)
Denovan Salim (Universitas Pelita Harapan, Indonesia)
Marchya Gwenerve Mongkaw (Universitas Pelita Harapan, Indonesia)
Pietro Grassio E.Y (Universitas Pelita Harapan, Indonesia)

JIHAD : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Administrasi
Vol. 8 No. 2 (2026): JIHAD : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Administrasi

Deepfake technology, powered by generative artificial intelligence, poses significant challenges to the integrity of electronic evidence in Indonesia's criminal justice system. This study examines the legal position of deepfake videos as evidence under the Electronic Information and Transactions Law (UU ITE) and the Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP). Using a normative juridical method with a statutory approach, the research analyzes formal and material requirements for electronic evidence, technical and juridical obstacles in authentication, and real-world cases such as the Baim Wong voice cloning fraud. The findings indicate that current regulations lack specific standards for authenticating synthetic media, creating a legal vacuum and risks of misjudgment in post-truth court proceedings. This paper recommends regulatory updates, standardization of digital forensics, and capacity building for law enforcement to strengthen evidentiary reliability.