KAJIAN SIFAT FISIKA DAN KIMIA BIOPLASTIK DARI PATI BIJI NANGKA (Artocarpus heterophyllus)

Nurakirawati (Universitas Tadulako, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Jurusan Kimia, Kec. Mantikulore, Kota Palu, Sulawesi Tengah 94148)
Radiatul Jannah (Universitas Tadulako, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Jurusan Kimia, Kec. Mantikulore, Kota Palu, Sulawesi Tengah 94148)
Ni Ketut Sumarni (Universitas Tadulako, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Jurusan Kimia, Kec. Mantikulore, Kota Palu, Sulawesi Tengah 94148)
Jusman (Universitas Tadulako, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Jurusan Kimia, Kec. Mantikulore, Kota Palu, Sulawesi Tengah 94148)

Jurnal Crystal : Publikasi Penelitian Kimia dan Terapannya
Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): Literasi Artikel Penelitian Kimia

This study explores the physical and degradability characteristics of bioplastics formulated from jackfruit seed waste starch (Artocarpus heterophyllus), combined with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a plasticizer. The jackfruit seeds were processed into a paste, and the starch was extracted and dried in an oven at 50°C to obtain dry starch. This starch was then tested using an iodine solution, resulting in a purple coloration indicating the presence of starch. Bioplastics were synthesized using different proportions of starch and PVA (0:4, 1:3, 2:2, 3:1, 4:0). The mechanical and biodegradable properties evaluated included tensile strength, elongation, Young’s modulus, water absorption, and degradation rate. The tensile strength ranged between 19.16 MPa and 23.68 MPa, elongation varied from 7.10% to 139.00%, and Young’s modulus values ranged from 0.13 MPa to 3.33 MPa. Optimal mechanical performance was found in the 0:4 and 2:2 formulations. The bioplastic exhibited 116% water absorption and achieved full (100%) degradation within a 7-day period.