<![CDATA[Debates over direct and indirect elections remain an important issue in electoral studies, particularly regarding voter preferences. This study aims to analyze voters’ preferences toward both electoral systems through a comparative survey approach and to identify the factors influencing those preferences based on respondents’ perceptions using Root Cause Analysis (RCA) with the Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) method. This study employed a quantitative approach using a comparative survey design (within-subject comparison) involving 149 eligible voters. The analysis was conducted by comparing respondents’ preferences toward both systems within the same group using a Likert scale to generate a preference index. The findings show that the preference index reached 83%, with a stronger preference for direct elections (85%). Nevertheless, indirect elections also received a relatively high level of approval, indicating that voter preferences are not dichotomous in nature. The FTA results mapped hierarchical cause-and-effect relationships among survey variables and respondents’ underlying reasons, showing that preferences were associated with political participation, trust in the electoral process, perceptions of representation, electoral experience, and understanding of electoral mechanisms, all of which interact with one another.]]>
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