Journal of Islamic Thought and Philosophy
Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): June

The Nature of Science in Islamic Economic Philosophy: An Ontological, Epistemological, and Axiological Analysis




Article Info

Publish Date
01 Jun 2026

Abstract

This study explores the integration of ontology, epistemology, and axiology within the Tawhidic paradigm in economics. It addresses the dominance of the positivist paradigm in modern economics, which limits knowledge to empirical and value-neutral dimensions while neglecting moral and spiritual aspects. This research employs a qualitative approach based on library research and critical-conceptual analysis, drawing on authoritative sources in the philosophy of science, Islamic economics, and reputable international journal articles. Data are analyzed through close reading, thematic coding, and critical-reflective interpretation. The findings indicate that, ontologically, economic reality is viewed as part of divine creation; epistemologically, knowledge emerges from the integration of revelation and reason; and axiologically, economic activity is directed toward achieving falah and the objectives of maqasid al-shariah. The study also highlights the limitations of the positivist paradigm and contrasts it with the Tawhidic framework, which incorporates ethical and spiritual dimensions into economic analysis. This research contributes to the development of an integrated conceptual framework of Islamic economics and offers a critical alternative to the prevailing positivist paradigm.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

JITP

Publisher

Subject

Religion Arts Humanities Social Sciences

Description

Journal of Islamic Thought and Philosophy is a peer-reviewed journal by the Master of Aqidah and Islamic Philosophy Study Program at UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya. This journal provides scientific publications for research related to the themes of Islamic thought and philosophy. Taking a broad view of ...