<![CDATA[This study examines Sayyid Qutb’s interpretation of calamity (muṣībah) in Fī Ẓilāl al-Qur’ān and analyzes its relationship to sinful human conduct in the Qur’anic worldview. Previous studies on calamity in the Qur’an have generally focused on theological explanations of suffering, divine testing, and predestination, while limited attention has been given to how modern exegetes, particularly Sayyid Qutb, conceptualize calamity within the moral relationship between divine justice and human wrongdoing. This research aims to explore Qutb’s understanding of calamity, identify the Qur’anic verses that shape his interpretation, and examine the ethical relevance of calamity to sinful acts. This study employs qualitative library research using historical, linguistic-semantic, and hermeneutic approaches to analyze Qutb’s exegetical thought in Fī Ẓilāl al-Qur’ān. The findings reveal that Sayyid Qutb understands calamity as a broad existential condition that encompasses both affliction and blessing, depending on human moral response and divine purpose. In his interpretation of Q. al-Shūrā [42]:30, calamity is explicitly linked to human wrongdoing, where suffering is understood as a consequence of moral deviation and a reminder toward repentance. In Q. al-Baqarah [2]:155–157, calamity is interpreted as divine testing aimed at spiritual purification and the cultivation of patience. Meanwhile, in Q. al-Taghābun [64]:11, Qutb emphasizes that all calamities occur by Allah’s permission and become meaningful through faith-based acceptance. Thus, Qutb’s thought demonstrates that calamity in the Qur’an cannot be reduced solely to punishment; rather, it functions as divine warning, moral consequence, spiritual trial, and existential education. This study contributes to Qur’anic studies by repositioning Qutb’s interpretation of calamity within the broader discourse on ethics, sin, and divine-human relations in modern Qur’anic exegesis.]]>
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