IAES International Journal of Artificial Intelligence (IJ-AI)
Vol 15, No 3: June 2026

A scalable low-cost internet of things-based electronic nose for identifying chemical ripening in fruits

Amit R. Welekar (J. D. College of Engineering and Management)
Gaurav Vishnu Londhe (Symbiosis International (Deemed University))
Amit Pimpalkar (Ramdeobaba University)
Abhrendu Bhattacharya (JIS University)
Nilesh Shelke (Symbiosis International (Deemed University))
R. Jeberson Retna Raj (Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology)



Article Info

Publish Date
01 Jun 2026

Abstract

Indiscriminate use of chemical agents like calcium carbide and ethephon for the ripening of fruits poses grave health hazards, emitting carcinogenic and neurotoxic compounds. Here we present a new, scalable, inexpensive, internet of things (IoT)-enabled electronic nose (e-nose) AI-Bot system for the detection of chemically ripened fruits. This would involve the development of a system that uses an MQ-3 gas sensor to quantify the ethanol content, as well as an MQ-135 gas sensor with an ESP32 microcontroller to quantify even further the amount of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) suggestive of artificial ripening. Flutter-based mobile application allows real-time monitoring, ripening classification using machine learning (ML) algorithms, and logging the historical data. A small sample was taken for inter-document feature literature mining, modelling sensor behaviors according to voltage dividers and gas concentration resistance laws for robust calibration and classification performance. Validation studies were performed on mango, banana, and papaya fruit in the laboratory environment. Total 75 samples (25 each of banana, mango, papaya across 3 trials) of fruit were tested. The implemented system achieved 95% for banana, 92% for mango, and 90% classification accuracy for papaya when cross validated.

Copyrights © 2026






Journal Info

Abbrev

IJAI

Publisher

Subject

Computer Science & IT Engineering

Description

IAES International Journal of Artificial Intelligence (IJ-AI) publishes articles in the field of artificial intelligence (AI). The scope covers all artificial intelligence area and its application in the following topics: neural networks; fuzzy logic; simulated biological evolution algorithms (like ...