Digital Checks and Balances: Strengthening Constitutional Stability through E-Oversight for Government Accountability

Doing Muhammad (Universitas Panca Bhakti)
Ali Bujang (Universitas Panca Bhakti)
Octaviani Dina (Universitas Panca Bhakti)

Journal of Law, Poliitic and Humanities
Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026): (JLPH) Journal of Law, Politic and Humanities

Strengthening the principle of checks and balances is a fundamental requirement for maintaining constitutional stability and ensuring government accountability. However, conventional oversight mechanisms still face various weaknesses, particularly in transparency, public participation, the effectiveness of detecting irregularities, and responding to developments in digital technology. This study aims to analyze the potential of E-Oversight as a digital oversight model to strengthen constitutional stability and enhance government accountability. This study uses qualitative legal methods with a juridical-normative and socio-legal approach. Data were collected through literature reviews, analyses of laws and regulations, reviews of policy documents, and interviews with relevant stakeholders. Data were analyzed descriptively and qualitatively by identifying legal norms, categorizing findings, and interpreting the relationship between digital oversight, accountability, and constitutional stability. The results show that conventional oversight systems are not fully effective in ensuring government accountability because they are still partial, administrative, and less responsive. Digitalization of oversight through E-Oversight has significant potential to increase transparency, expand public participation, accelerate the detection of irregularities, and strengthen oversight of government officials. However, the implementation of e-Oversight still faces obstacles, including limited digital infrastructure, suboptimal supporting regulations, low public digital literacy, and the need for a more comprehensive, integrated oversight system. This study concludes that e-Oversight can be a strategic instrument in strengthening digital checks and balances to support constitutional stability and government accountability. The implications of this study emphasize the need for strengthened regulations, integrated digital oversight platforms, increased digital literacy, and collaboration among the government, oversight institutions, and the public in building a transparent, participatory, and constitutional oversight system.