Jurnal Biodjati
Vol 11 No 1 (2026): May

In Silico Evaluation of Drug-Likeness, ADMET Profile, and Toxicity of Antimalarial Compounds from the Bark of Alstonia scholaris

Mohammad Zakki Aqimul Haq (Biology Education, Universitas Nusantara PGRI Kediri)
M. Raffi Fahriza (Biology Education, Universitas Nusantara PGRI Kediri)
Gilang Taufan Insani (Biology Education, Universitas Nusantara PGRI Kediri)
M. Fauzan Putra Rahmatullah (Biology Education, Universitas Nusantara PGRI Kediri)
Seagames Waluyo (Application Scientist, Plant Biotechnology, PT Sciencewerke Indonesia)
Anggi Tias Pratama (Biology Education, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta)
Nurul Bahiyah Abd Wahid (Department of Biology, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris)
Poppy Rahmatika Primandiri (Biology Education and Pusat Unggulan Biodiversitas, Universitas Nusantara PGRI Kediri)
Agus Muji Santoso (Biology Education and Pusat Unggulan Biodiversitas, Universitas Nusantara PGRI Kediri)



Article Info

Publish Date
31 May 2026

Abstract

Malaria remains a major global health problem, particularly in tropical countries, highlighting the need for new antimalarial agents with favorable pharmacokinetic and safety profiles. This study aimed to evaluate the drug-likeness, ADMET properties, and toxicity of six bioactive compounds derived from Alstonia scholaris bark using an in silico approach.  Computational analyses were performed using SwissADME, pkCSM, AdmetSAR, and ProTox-3.0 to assess absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity parameters, as well as Lipinski’s Rule of Five. The results showed that four compounds met all Lipinski criteria, while two exhibited logP values greater than 5, suggesting potential limitations in lipophilicity. Predicted VDss values suggested moderate and variable systemic distribution, and none of the compounds were predicted to interact with CYP2D6. Toxicity analysis indicated generally low toxicity, with α-Amyrin classified as non-toxic (LD₅₀ = 70,000 mg/kg; toxicity class VI). Among the compounds, Spirost-8-en-11-one demonstrated the most favorable pharmacokinetic profile, with high gastrointestinal absorption and the highest total clearance. In conclusion, the evaluated compounds exhibit promising pharmacokinetic and safety profiles as potential antimalarial candidates. These findings provide preliminary computational evidence supporting further in vitro and in vivo validation to confirm their efficacy and safety.

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