<![CDATA[This study examines the potential failure of mediators in court-annexed civil mediation under Indonesia’s Supreme Court Regulation Number 1 of 2016. Judicial mediation aims to promote fair, efficient, and peaceful dispute resolution; however, the limitation of mediator authority to a purely facilitative role may undermine its effectiveness, particularly in disputes involving power imbalances. This research employs a normative legal research method using statutory, conceptual, and philosophical approaches. Qualitative analysis is conducted through hermeneutic interpretation of PERMA No. 1 of 2016 and relevant theories of procedural justice, communicative action, and restorative justice. The findings indicate that restricted mediator authority leads to a reduction of the mediator’s corrective role, procedural uniformity that neglects conflict complexity, and institutional challenges in mediation practice. The study concludes that mediation failure is not solely attributable to the parties’ conduct, but also to a rigid regulatory design that weakens the dialogical and transformative function of judicial mediation]]>
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