Methods in Science and Technology Studies
Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): June

An Escrow-Based Peer-to-Peer Online Payment System for Fraud Reduction

Olugbemi Olusanjo Fasola (Federal University of Technology Minna)
Ugochukwu Onwudebelu (Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu Alike)
Achu Edim Etta (Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu Alike)
Ali Harrison Ugadu (Ebonyi State University)



Article Info

Publish Date
13 Jun 2026

Abstract

The rapid growth of peer-to-peer (P2P) online commerce has intensified concerns related to trust and fraud, particularly in informal and social-media-driven marketplaces where buyers and sellers often transact without prior relationships. Conventional online payment systems largely rely on trust-based models that inadequately protect participants from fraudulent activities, leading to financial losses and reduced user confidence. This study presents the design and implementation of an escrow-based peer-to-peer online payment system (Escrow-BP2P) aimed at providing an escrow-mediated mechanism intended to reduce fraud risks and enhance transactional trust in P2P transactions. The escrow-BP2P system introduces a trusted third-party escrow mechanism that securely holds buyer payments until transaction conditions are fulfilled and the exchanged goods or services are verified. The system architecture supports buyer, seller, and administrator roles, incorporating payment verification, transaction monitoring, dispute handling, and controlled fund release. Object-Oriented Analysis and Design Methodology (OOADM) is adopted to ensure modularity, maintainability, and system scalability, while the implementation utilizes PHP and MySQL for web-based deployment. The solution is contextualized within the Nigerian e-commerce environment, where online fraud remains a significant challenge. The escrow-BP2P framework demonstrates how structured transaction mediation can improve transactional trust, minimize fraudulent practices, and provide an escrow-based payment management platform for P2P online commerce. The system offers practical insights for deploying trust-enhancing payment infrastructures in emerging digital marketplaces.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

msts

Publisher

Subject

Engineering

Description

The Methods in Science and Technology Studies (MSTS) (e-ISSN: 3123-4232) is a peer-reviewed and open-access scientific journal, managed and published by PT. Teknologi Futuristik Indonesia in collaboration with Universitas Qamarul Huda Badaruddin Bagu and Peneliti Teknologi Teknik Indonesia. The ...