Jurnal Sisfokom (Sistem Informasi dan Komputer)
Vol. 15 No. 3 (2026): JULY

Security Risk Evaluation of ZombAI Claude: Prompt Injection as a Backdoor for Command and Control Exploitation

Indra Bayu (Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang)
Mahar Faiqurahman (Unknown)



Article Info

Publish Date
05 Jun 2026

Abstract

The rapid adoption of AI in industrial automation has introduced AI agents functioning as Command and Control (C2) systems capable of managing infrastructure autonomously. The integration of "Computer Use" into Claude Sonnet 4.5 introduces critical vulnerabilities exploitable through prompt-injection attacks. This study presents ZombAI, a direct black-box attack method targeting AI agents via six distinct strategies: Template Completion, In-Context Attack, Code Injection, Prompt Rewriting, Low-Resource Language exploitation, and Genetic Algorithm-based perturbation. Each strategy targets different layers of the model's safety filters without requiring internal model access or knowledge of training data. Experiments were conducted using Claude Sonnet 4.5 integrated into the Bytebot framework within a Docker sandbox environment to simulate real-world attack conditions. Results demonstrate a global attack success rate of 78%, with Low-Resource Language attacks achieving an absolute success rate of 100%, attributed to the absence of robust safety filtering for non-dominant languages within the Computer Use tool. These findings reveal that AI agents granted C2 authority harbor critical vulnerabilities transforming them into zombie executors capable of performing Remote Code Execution (RCE) without user awareness, underscoring the urgent need for language-inclusive security evaluation frameworks for autonomous AI systems.

Copyrights © 2026






Journal Info

Abbrev

sisfokom

Publisher

Subject

Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management

Description

Jurnal Sisfokom merupakan singkatan dari Jurnal Sistem Informasi dan Komputer. Jurnal ini merupakan kolaborasi antara sivitas akademika STMIK Atma Luhur dengan perguruan tinggi maupun universitas di Indonesia. Jurnal ini berisi artikel ilmiah dari peneliti, akademisi, serta para pemerhati TI. Jurnal ...