Synergy of Avocado Seed Meal and Expired Commercial Syrup in Enhancing Fermentation Quality of Fattening Sheep Concentrate Silage: Sinergi Tepung Biji Alpukat dan Sirup Komersial Kadaluarsa untuk Meningkatkan Kualitas Fermentasi Silase Konsentrat Domba Penggemukan

Sadarman Sadarman (Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Animal Science, Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau, Pekanbaru 28293, Indonesia)
R P Harahap (Study Program of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanjungpura University, Pontianak 78124, Indonesia)
Z A Baihaqi (Research Center for Animal Husbandry, Research Organization for Agriculture and Food, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor, 16915, West Java, Indonesia)
F P Amri (Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Animal Science, Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau, Pekanbaru 28293, Indonesia)
Hidayatulloh (Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Animal Science, Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau, Pekanbaru 28293, Indonesia)
A Mardianti (Study Program of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Islam Kalimantan Muhammad Arsyad Al Banjari, Banjarmasin, Indonesia)
S Dharmawati (Study Program of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Islam Kalimantan Muhammad Arsyad Al Banjari, Banjarmasin)
Suharlina (Study Program of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Islam Kalimantan Muhammad Arsyad Al Banjari, Banjarmasin)
I Mirdhayati (Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Animal Science, Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau, Pekanbaru 28293, Indonesia)
D Febrina (Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Animal Science, Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau, Pekanbaru 28293, Indonesia)
A Nurlatifah (Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, Gadjah Mada University, Depok, Sleman Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia)
M J Adegbeye (Department of Animal Production and Health, University of Africa, Toru-Orua, Sagbama, Bayelsa State, Nigeria)

Jurnal Ilmu Nutrisi dan Teknologi Pakan
Vol. 24 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Ilmu Nutrisi dan Teknologi Pakan

The use of additives plays a crucial role in providing energy sources for microorganisms during the ensiling process, enabling optimal physical quality of silage to be formed. Avocado seed meal (ASM) provides gradually released energy to support fermentative activity, while expired commercial syrup (ECS) contains easily degradable sugars that accelerate lactic acid production. The synergy between these two helps the preservation process occur more rapidly, allowing silage to reach stable conditions and exhibit better physical characteristics. This study was designed to evaluate the influence of these two materials in fattening sheep concentrate formulations, with a focus on changes in physical characteristics and acidity levels as benchmarks of fermentation success. The research was conducted using a Completely Randomized Design with five treatments and five replications, where ASM and ECS were administered at levels of 1.50%, 3%, 4.50%, and 6.00% of dry matter, while the base treatment without additives served as the control. The observed variables included silage aroma, texture, and color characteristics, as well as dry matter content, dry matter loss, pH value, and Fleigh Value as indicators of fermentation stability. The obtained data were analyzed using analysis of variance, followed by DMRT test at a 1% significance level. The research findings demonstrated that the combination of ASM and ECS had a highly significant effect (p<0.01) on the aroma, texture, color, pH, and Fleigh Value of fattening sheep concentrate silage, except that dry matter content and dry matter loss were not affected by the two additives. Treatment P5 (addition of ASM and ECS at 6% DM) emerged as the most superior treatment, characterized by strong fermentative aroma (3.32±0.06), smoother texture without clumping (3.49±0.07), more consistent yellowish-brown color (3.47±0.05), lower pH (4.31±0.07), and the highest Fleigh Value (98.9±1.05) as an indication of superior fermentation quality. In conclusion, the combination of avocado seed meal and expired commercial syrup at a dose of 6% of dry matter (3% ASM + 3% ECS) is recommended as an effective local additive to improve the physical quality and fermentation stability of fattening sheep concentrate silage.