<![CDATA[Purpose– This study investigates the influence of financial structure and liquidity on the financial performance of publicly listed banks in Indonesia. It analyzes the mediating role of Risk-Aware Strategic Planning (RASP) in strengthening the relationship between financial policies and bank performance. Design/methodology– This study employs a quantitative explanatory approach using secondary panel data from banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the 2020–2024 period. Financial performance is proxied by Return on Equity (ROE), financial structure by Equity-to-Assets Ratio (EAR), and liquidity by Loan-to-Deposit Ratio (LDR). Risk-Aware Strategic Planning (RASP) is constructed as a composite index based on content analysis of annual and sustainability reports, integrating strategic risk management and sustainable strategic planning. The data are analyzed using panel data regression with a Random Effects Model, followed by mediation testing through the causal steps approach and the Sobel test, with STATA employed as the analytical tool. Findings - The results indicate that financial structure has no direct impact on bank financial performance, whereas liquidity exerts a significant negative effect. Risk-Aware Strategic Planning (RASP) positively and significantly affects the financial performance of banks. The mediation analysis indicates that RASP fully mediates the link between financial structure and financial performance, and partially mediates the relationship between liquidity and performance. This implies that the effectiveness of financial structure and liquidity in enhancing bank performance is maximized when supported by robust, risk-aware, and sustainability-focused strategic planning.]]>
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