International Journal of Reconfigurable and Embedded Systems (IJRES)
Vol 15, No 2: July 2026

Fire prediction monitoring system based on a spatial interpolation algorithm

Karrar Shakir Muttair (University of Kufa)
Ali Zuhair Ghazi Zahid (University of Kufa)
Rana Jawad Azeez (University of Kufa)
Oras Ahmed Shareef Al-Ani (Middle Technical University)
Ahmed Mahmood Farhan (Al-Bayan University)
Raed Hameed Chyad Alfilh (The Islamic University)
Raed Hasan Hussain (University of Kufa)
Muthana H. Al-Saidi (University of Kufa)
Abbas Ali Diwan (University of Kufa)
Zeshan Ahmed (Kohat University of Science and Technology)
Hazeem Baqir Taher (Thi-Qar University)



Article Info

Publish Date
01 Jul 2026

Abstract

Fires endanger not only the environment's wealth but also the entire fauna and flora, drastically disrupting a region's biodiversity and ecology. This article monitors the spread of a fire in a specific area, determines its approximate direction, attempts to extinguish it in an organized manner, and identifies the safest solutions. A new system has been developed, consisting of two parts: embedded and reconfigurable. This system comprises four accurate flame sensors, a buzzer, an Arduino, and a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) DEV board. The Arduino and FPGA collect data from these sensors and send it to MATLAB, which processes and displays the results. This paper also uses a two-stage prediction based on a spatial interpolation algorithm. The results showed that the speed and direction of fire spread could be predicted quickly and accurately using a spatial interpolation algorithm, achieving the lowest predictive error (mean absolute error (MAE) ≈0.33 and root mean square error (RMSE) ≈0.48) at approximately epoch 70. Moreover, the proposed method achieved a 92% success rate in detecting flames and fire flashes, indicating that the sensors respond to fires within under 1 minute of occurrence.

Copyrights © 2026






Journal Info

Abbrev

IJRES

Publisher

Subject

Economics, Econometrics & Finance

Description

The centre of gravity of the computer industry is now moving from personal computing into embedded computing with the advent of VLSI system level integration and reconfigurable core in system-on-chip (SoC). Reconfigurable and Embedded systems are increasingly becoming a key technological component ...