Indonesian Journal of Librarianship
Indonesia Journal of Librarianship Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026)

Libraries as Information Tourism Environments: : Unraveling T–A–P Activity Dynamics for Experience-Driven Information Services

Kayode Sunday John Dada (Federal University of Education)
Romoke Opeyemi Quadir (Nigerian Defence Academy Library)
Amina Muhammad (Federal University of Education)



Article Info

Publish Date
30 Jun 2026

Abstract

Background: Libraries face intensifying pressure to reconceptualise their services and spaces in response to shifting user behaviour and the emergent experience economy. Despite decades of scholarship on information-seeking behaviour, the literature still lacks a unified framework that simultaneously accounts for motivational types, purposive activities, and experiential place qualities in library encounters. Purpose: This paper introduces and empirically validates the Library T–A–P (Tourism Type–Activity–Place) framework, adapting Tongtep et al.’s T–A–P Triangle from special-interest tourism recommendation to theorise information-seeking behaviour dynamics within library environments. Method: A two-phase mixed-methods approach was employed: (1) a systematic conceptual analysis synthesising literature across library and information science, tourism studies, activity theory, and experience design, following Jabareen’s (2009) conceptual framework analysis methodology; and (2) a structured expert validation survey (n = 186 library and information professionals across 12 countries), using a 5-point Likert-scale instrument with T–A–P Coherence Scoring. Inter-rater reliability for data coding was assessed via Cohen’s kappa (κ = 0.81). Result: Eight Information Tourism Types were mapped onto a taxonomy of information activities and library place typologies. Validation confirmed strong T–A–P coherence across all categories (Grand Mean = 4.38/5.00), with Cultural Heritage Tourism (4.77) and Special-Interest Tourism (4.63) yielding highest coherence indices.  Conclusion: The Library T–A–P framework offers a theoretically grounded, triadic, activity-centred paradigm for library service design, space planning, and personalised information recommendation. While expert validation provides the framework's foundational construct validity, future empirical user studies are crucial for demand-side validation.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

IJOLIB

Publisher

Subject

Library & Information Science Social Sciences

Description

Indonesian Journal of Librarianship published twice a year in June and Dacember, published and funded by Library Department of Governance Institute of Home Affair. The journal is provided for librarians, information scientists, specialists, managers, researchers, and archivists who need or are ...