<![CDATA[This article explores the shifting landscape of Muslim piety among Indonesia’s urban middle class through an analysis of three major waves: Urban Sufism, the hijaber community, and the hijrah movement. Drawing on theories of popular religion, ritual bricolage, and pious consumption, the study argues that contemporary piety is not a rupture from tradition but a reconfiguration shaped by digital media, moral capitalism, and symbolic authority. Employing a qualitative methodology that combines literature review, digital ethnography, and visual-narrative analysis, the article demonstrates how spiritual values are sustained through new forms of expression—ranging from motivational Islamic seminars and modest fashion to Instagram-based da‘wah and halâl branding. These developments reveal a dynamic process of religious subjectivation, where Islamic devotion becomes both a personal ethic and a social performance, closely tied to class aspirations, visual aesthetics, and market logic. The article contributes to current debates on digital religion by highlighting how Indonesian Muslims construct religiosity not only through textual interpretation, but also through visual symbols, emotionally connected communities, and commercial practices. In doing so, it challenges binary narratives of secularization versus religiosity and offers a nuanced framework for understanding continuity and change in contemporary Islamic expressions.]]>
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