<![CDATA[Microfiltration (MF) is a separation process that operates without phase change or mass transfer and is designed to retain particles in the micron size range, primarily for the removal of suspended solids from liquids. One of the promising fabrication methods for MF membranes is electrospinning, a technique capable of producing nanofibrous membranes using polymer solutions. To enhance membrane performance, modifications such as the incorporation of a support layer, forming a double-layer membrane, have been introduced to improve mechanical strength and filtration efficiency. This study was conducted through several stages, including membrane fabrication with variations in support layer type and electrospinning process time, followed by performance evaluation through Pure Water Flux (PWF) testing, UV-Vis spectrophotometry, contact angle measurements, and membrane morphology analysis. The membranes were fabricated using a polymer solution consisting of 18 wt% Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) dissolved in Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO). The electrospinning process was carried out under controlled conditions with an applied voltage of 20 kV and a tip-to-collector distance (TCD) of 15 cm. The results showed that, in the support layer variation, the highest flux value was obtained with Support C at 12,501.40 L/h·m², while the lowest flux was observed with Support A at 7,577.79 L/h·m². In terms of rejection performance, Support B demonstrated the highest average rejection value of 89.29%, whereas Support C showed the lowest value of 48.25%. Based on these results, Support B was identified as the most suitable support layer due to its balanced performance in terms of permeability and rejection. Further investigation on process time variation revealed that the highest average rejection value of 88.91% was achieved at 60 minutes, while the lowest rejection of 74.72% occurred at 0 minutes. Contact angle measurements indicated that the highest average value of 125.33° was obtained at 45 minutes, and the lowest value of 104.67° was observed at 0 minutes. These findings indicate that increasing electrospinning time enhances membrane density and hydrophobicity, leading to improved filtration performance.]]>
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