<![CDATA[Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) requires sustained self-management to maintain glycemic control. Knowledge and medication adherence are important components of diabetes care, but their association with clinical outcome achievement in primary healthcare settings remains context specific. This cross-sectional study evaluated the associations of diabetes knowledge and medication adherence with clinical outcomes among patients with T2DM attending public health centers in Bandar Lampung, Indonesia. A total of 176 outpatients with T2DM who had received antidiabetic therapy, including oral antidiabetic drugs and/or insulin, for at least one month were included from August to October 2020. Knowledge and medication adherence were assessed using the Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire 24 (DKQ-24) and the Medication Adherence Report Scale 5 (MARS-5), respectively. Clinical outcomes were determined from fasting plasma glucose and random blood glucose values obtained from medical records. Most patients did not achieve the clinical outcome target (122/176; 69.3%). The study-specific DKQ-24 score category was not significantly associated with clinical outcome achievement (p = 0.651; OR = 0.862; 95% CI = 0.453–1.641). Medication adherence was significantly associated with clinical outcome achievement in bivariate analysis (p = 0.048; OR = 1.917; 95% CI = 1.002–3.665). In the complete adjusted logistic regression model, medication adherence showed a positive but non-significant association after adjustment for gender, BMI/obesity, and duration of T2DM (p = 0.076; adjusted OR = 1.847; 95% CI = 0.939–3.635). Gender and BMI/obesity remained significantly associated with clinical outcome achievement. These findings suggest that adherence support and weight management should be prioritized in diabetes care at primary health centers.]]>
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