<![CDATA[The utilization of facial images as biometric identity in integrated digital systems continues to increase and requires security mechanisms that do not solely depend on metadata or application databases. Metadata is non-persistent and vulnerable to deletion or modification, while databases may experience loss or long-term unavailability. This paper proposes a conceptual framework in which image watermarking functions as a persistent biometric identity layer embedded directly within the facial image signal. The proposed architecture consists of the Application Layer, Image Processing & Watermark Layer, Storage Layer, and Verification & Audit Layer. This approach is designed to preserve biometric identity integrity, support auditing, and enable cross-system interoperability. As an implementation illustration, the framework is proposed for the Menara Masjid and Microfinance Masjid application ecosystem, which utilizes facial images as users’ digital identity. The design results indicate that image watermarking can serve as an internal identity independent of metadata and databases, while strengthening biometric governance and supporting traceability as well as mitigation of facial image misuse within an integrated digital application ecosystem]]>
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