Peatlands are unique wetland ecosystems that play a significant role in carbon sequestration and maintaining hydrological balance. However, human activities have led to peatland degradation in Indonesia, resulting in the loss of ecosystem services and ecological functions of peat soils as well as increased greenhouse gas emissions. Restoring and rehabilitating peatlands requires sustainable and ecosystem-based approaches that harness local potential. One potential strategy involves the use of indigenous microbes through microbial engineering technology. This literature review highlights the potential of indigenous microbes as a sustainable peatland management strategy in Indonesia. Indigenous microbes, which are naturally adapted to the acidic and nutrient-poor conditions of peatlands, have potential as bioremediation agents, organic matter decomposers, and plant growth promoters. Microbial engineering involves several stages, including isolation, in vitro selection, pot tests, and the formulation of superior microbes for field application. This technology aims to improve soil quality, enhance microbial community structure, and boost land productivity without harming the environment. It can also accelerate the sustainable restoration of peatland functions, support food security, and mitigate climate change. The development of this technology necessitates further research, supportive policies, and the engagement of local communities to ensure its effective and long-term implementation.
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