<![CDATA[Adoption is not merely an administrative act; it has far-reaching impacts on a person’s civil status and legal relationships. The primary focus of this research is to examine the procedures and requirements for adoption under Indonesian civil law, particularly within the framework of child protection regulations, and to examine the legal position and civil rights of adopted children following a court ruling, particularly regarding guardianship and inheritance rights. The research was conducted using a normative juridical approach. The data used were secondary, encompassing primary, secondary, and tertiary legal sources, and were then analyzed qualitatively. The analysis of court decisions, implementing regulations, and legal literature indicates that the adoption mechanism under Indonesian positive law must go through litigation through a court ruling. Based on Article 39 of the Child Protection Law and relevant jurisprudential precedent, this judicial process formally aims to provide legal certainty and close the gap for child trafficking practices. In addition, the regulation mandates the state to conduct oversight through measurable material and social verification to ensure the principle of “the best interests of the child” is met. From a legal perspective, the court’s decision transfers full guardianship rights to the adoptive parents, but does not sever the blood relationship (nasab) with the biological parents. Because guardianship is completely transferred, questions arise regarding the economic rights of adopted children at the time of inheritance. According to applicable law, adopted children do not automatically become heirs in abintestato; protection of their economic rights is guaranteed through alternative instruments, such as mandatory wills under Islamic law or gifts and wills under civil law. Thus, these rights can still be fulfilled as a form of welfare and social justice for adopted children.]]>
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