<![CDATA[This study aimed to analyze vegetation recovery dynamics in Kiram Village, Banjar Regency, South Kalimantan, Indonesia during the period 2023–2025 using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) derived from Sentinel-2 satellite imagery. A multi-temporal NDVI approach combined with NDVI change detection was applied to identify vegetation recovery trajectories and determine restoration priority zones. The results indicate a clear improvement in vegetation condition during the study period. The combined area of non-vegetation and low vegetation classes decreased from 11.47% in 2023 to 4.13% in 2025. In contrast, the medium vegetation class increased from 83.24% to 86.19%, while the high vegetation class increased from 5.29% to 9.69% over the same period. NDVI change detection further revealed that the study area could be classified into three vegetation recovery zones: rapid recovery, stable, and low-recovery zones. The dominance of medium vegetation, covering more than 80% of the study area, indicates that the Kiram landscape is currently in an intermediate vegetation recovery stage. These findings demonstrate that multi-temporal NDVI analysis is an effective approach for monitoring vegetation recovery dynamics and identifying priority areas for ecosystem restoration at the village landscape scale.]]>
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