Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kelimpahan Harmful Algae: Studi Kasus Pseudo-nitzschia spp. di Perairan Teluk Hurun, Lampung: Factors Influencing Abundance of Harmful Algae: Case Study of Pseudo-nitzschia spp. in Hurun Bay Waters, Lampung

Muawanah, Muawanah
Widi Lestari, Septiana
Indrayati, Artin

Water and Marine Pollution Journal: PoluSea
Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024): Water and Marine Pollution Journal: PoluSea May 2024

Pseudo-nitzschia spp. merupakan suatu jenis diatom kosmopolitan yang berpotensi menyebabkan Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) yang menghasilkan toksin asam domoat, penyebab sindrom amnesic shellfish poisoning (ASP). Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor lingkungan yang mempengaruhi kelimpahan Pseudo-nitzschia spp. di Perairan Teluk Hurun selama periode Agustus 2020 hingga Juli 2021. Sampling air dan fitoplankton dilakukan di tiga stasiun pengamatan, analisis dilakukan menggunakan metode regresi linier Backward. Hasil regresi menunjukkan bahwa nitrit, nitrat dan amonia secara signifikan berpengaruh terhadap kelimpahan Pseudo-nitzschia spp. dengan nilai p-value berturut-turut adalah 0,000 untuk variabel nitrit, 0,030 untuk variabel nitrat dan 0,015 untuk variabel amonia.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan positif antara konsentrasi nitrit, nitrat dan amonia dengan kelimpahan Pseudo-nitzschia spp. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa peningkatan zat hara dapat memicu pertumbuhan alga berbahaya. Hal ini menekankan perlunya dilakukan langkah-langkah strategis untuk mengelola eutrofikasi dan dampak perubahan iklim untuk mengurangi risiko kejadian HABs di Perairan Teluk Hurun.   Pseudo-nitzschia spp. is a cosmopolitan diatom species that has the potential to cause Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) which produces domoic acid toxin, the cause of amnesic shellfish poisoning syndrome (ASP). The study aims to determine the environmental factors that affect the abundance of Pseudo-nitzschia in Hurun Bay Waters during the period August 2020 to July 2021. Water and phytoplankton sampling was conducted from three observation stations, the analysis was conducted using the Backward linear regression method. The regression results showed that nitrite, nitrate and ammonia significantly influenced the abundance of Pseudo-nizschia spp. with p-values of 0.000 for the nitrite variable, 0.030 for the nitrate variable and 0.015 for the ammonia variable, respectively. The results showed that there was a positive relationship between nitrite, nitrate and ammonia concentrations and the abundance of Pseudo-nitzschia spp. This indicates that an increase in nutrients can trigger harmful algal growth. This emphasizes the need for strategic measures to manage eutrophication and climate change impacts to reduce the risk of HABs occurrence in Hurun Bay Waters.