INTERPRETASI KATA AL-ṢIRÂṬ AL-MUSTAQÎM DALAM ALQURAN: APLIKASI SEMANTIK TOSHIHIKO IZUTSU

Muhammad Anwar Idris (UIN Sunan Kalijaga)

Diya al-Afkar: Jurnal Studi al-Quran dan al-Hadis
Vol. 8 No. 02 (2020): Desember

This paper tries to reveal the meaning of the word al-Ṣirâṭ  al-Mustaqîm . As for the word al-Ṣirâṭ al-Mustaqîm and its derivations; as many as 33 well-known words in 21 surah in the Alquran. Of the many mentions of this word in the Quran, of course, it will have a different meaning. So it is necessary to study what exactly the meaning of al-Ṣirâṭ  al-Mustaqîm in Alquran using the semantic theory of Toshihiko Izutsu. This theory explains the existence of the basic meaning and relational meaning of Pragmatics and paradigmatics and Weltanschauung (world of meaning) al-Ṣirâṭ  al-Mustaqîm. The results of this study, that the word al-Ṣirâṭ  al-Mustaqîm in Alquran has the basic meaning of "straight path". The syntagmatic relational meaning of al-Ṣirâṭ  al-Mustaqîm which is included in this journal is: filling in to Allah, tauhid creed, Islam and Alquran. Meanwhile, the paradigmatic relational meaning, synonyms of al-Ṣirâṭ  al-Mustaqîm include: al-Ṣirâṭ  al-Aziz al-Hamîd, al-Ṣirâṭ  al-Sawî, al-Tarîq al-Mustaqîm, Subul al-Salâm, Sabîl Lillâh. Antonyms of the words al-Ṣirâṭ  al-Mustaqîm include: Ṣirâṭ  al-Jahim, al-Tarîq Jahannam, Sabîl at-Thaghut, Sabîl al-Mufsidîna. Then the weltanschauung (world of meaning) al-Ṣirâṭ  al-Mustaqîm is the Hidayah and the Bridge to Hell.Keywords: Semantic Alquran, al-Ṣirâṭ al-Mustaqîm , Straight path. Toshihiko Izutsu. Tulisan ini berusaha mengungkapkan makna kata al-Ṣirâṭ al-Mustaqîm . Adapun kata al-Ṣirâṭ al-Mustaqîm dan derivinasinya disebutkan sebanyak 33 kata yang tersebar dalam 21 surat dalam Alquran. Dari banyaknya penyebutan kata tersebut di dalam Alquran, tentunya akan memiliki makna yang berbeda. Sehingga perlu dikaji apa sebenarnya makna al-Ṣirâṭ al-Mustaqîm dalam Alquran dengan menggunakan teori semantik Toshihiko Izutsu. Teori ini menjelaskan tentang adanya makna dasar dan makna relasional pragmatik dan paradigmatik serta Weltanschauung (dunia makna) al-Ṣirâṭ al-Mustaqîm. Hasil penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa kata al-Ṣirâṭ  al-Mustaqîm dalam Alquran memiliki makna dasar “jalan yang lurus”. Makna relasional sintagmatik al-Ṣirâṭ al-Mustaqîm yang disebutkan dalam jurnal ini yaitu: beribadah kepada Allah, akidah tauhid, agama Islam dan Alquran. Sedangkan makna relasional paradigmatik, sinonim kata al-Ṣirâṭ al-Mustaqîm antara lain: al-Ṣirâṭ al-’Azîz al-H{amîd, al-Ṣirâṭ al-Sawî, al-Tarîq al-Mustaqîm, Subul al-Salâm, Sabîl Lillâh. Antonim kata al-Ṣirâṭ al-Mustaqîm antara lain: Ṣirâṭ al- jahim, al-Tarîq Jahannam, Sabîl at-Thâghu>t, Sabîl al-Mufsidîna. Kemudian weltanschaung (dunia makna) al-Ṣirâṭ  al-Mustaqîm ialah Hidayah dan Jembatan ke neraka.Kata Kunci: Semantik Alquran, al-Ṣirâṭ al-Mustaqîm, Jalan yang lurus, Toshihiko Izutsu.