MEDALION JOURNAL: Medical Research, Nursing, Health and Midwife Participation
Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026): June

ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF BEET EXTRACT ( BETA VULGARIS L. ) AGAINST GRAM-POSITIVE BACTERIA: SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW

Sagita Ananda (Universitas Pertahanan Republik Indonesia)
Reynatha Pangsibidang (Universitas Pertahanan Republik Indonesia)
Dita Wahyuningtias (Universitas Pertahanan Republik Indonesia)



Article Info

Publish Date
12 Jul 2026

Abstract

Increasing antibiotic resistance in Gram-positive bacteria is driving the development of alternative antibacterial agents based on natural ingredients. Beetroot ( Beta vulgaris L. ) is known to contain betalain and phenol that have antibacterial potential. This study aims to analyze the antibacterial activity of Beet extract against Gram-positive bacteria and evaluate the effect of concentrations, solvents, and testing methods based on the literature during the period 2016–2026. Systematic Literature Review was conducted using the PRISMA protocol through literature searches on Publish or Perish, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and DOAJ databases. A total of 20 articles that met the inclusion criteria were analyzed based on the value of the inhibition zone diameter (ZI) and the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). Beet extract showed antibacterial activity against various Gram-positive bacteria, one of which was Staphylococcus aureus with an inhibition zone range of <5–25 mm and a MIC of 0.012–32 mg/mL. Ethanol is the most widely used solvent, while the agar well diffusion method tends to produce a larger inhibition zone than disc diffusion. Beet tuber extract has the potential to be developed as a natural antibacterial source against various Gram-positive bacteria.

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Journal Info

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Publisher

Subject

Dentistry Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Veterinary

Description

MEDALION JOURNAL: Medical Research, Nursing, Health and Midwife Participation | ISSN (e): 2986-7754 is a peer-reviewed, open access journal which publishes original research articles and review articles in all areas of nursing and midwifery, research and education. The aim of the journal is to ...