Journal of English Language and Education
Vol 11, No 4 (2026)

A Syntactic Ambiguity Analysis of EFL Students’ Recount Text Using Syntactic Tree Diagrams

Riskawati Pakaya (English Languge Education Study Program, Faculty Of Letters And Culture, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo, Indonesia)
Abid Abid (English Languge Education Study Program, Faculty Of Letters And Culture, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo, Indonesia)
Sri Widyarti (English Languge Education Study Program, Faculty Of Letters And Culture, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo, Indonesia)



Article Info

Publish Date
13 Jul 2026

Abstract

This research aims to analyze the syntactic ambiguity in EFL students' recount texts by identifying the types and patterns of ambiguity and examining how differences in sentence structure can lead to various interpretations of meaning. A descriptive qualitative design was employed to identify results, with data consisting of ambiguous sentences taken from ten recount texts written by ten fourth-semester students in the English Language Education Program at Gorontalo State University. Data were collected through documentation. The results of the study showed that there are 16 sentences containing syntactic ambiguity. These ambiguities are classified into four types: noun phrase ambiguity, prepositional phrase ambiguity, adverbial ambiguity, and relative clause ambiguity, with 6 patterns of ambiguity occurring, such as (Adj+N+N), (Adj+N+conj+N), (VP+VP+AdvC), (V+NP+PP), (NP+NP+PP), and (NP+NP+RelC). The most dominant type found is prepositional phrase ambiguity. The analysis indicates that syntactic ambiguity arises because the grammatical arrangement of sentence elements allows for more than one possible structural interpretation. Furthermore, syntactic tree diagrams effectively reveal how differences between surface structure and deep structure produce multiple interpretations in students’ writing.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

jele

Publisher

Subject

Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Other

Description

Journal of English Language and Education (pISSN: 2597-6850 and eISSN: 2502-4132) is a journal that focuses on researching or documenting issues in education, language education, applied linguistics, English education, English language teaching, English Literature, language assessment and ...