JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN (Journal of Environmental Health)
Vol. 18 No. 3 (2026): JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN

Microplastics in Breast Milk and Feces: Case Study of Stunting Toddlers in Puger District, Jember, Indonesia.

Globila Nurika (Department of Public Health, Faculty of Public Health, University of Jember, Jember 68121, East Java, Indonesia)
Farida Wahyu Ningtyias (Department of Public Health, Faculty of Public Health, University of Jember, Jember 68121, East Java, Indonesia)
Edza Aria Wikurendra (Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Humanities & Health Sciences, Curtin University, Lutong, 98000 Miri, Sarawak, Malaysia)
Hilda Nur Abidah (Department of Public Health, Faculty of Public Health, University of Jember, Jember 68121, East Java, Indonesia)
Nafi'atul Irbah (Faculty of Public Health, Airlangga University, Surabaya 60155, East Java, Indonesia)
Sofi Azilan Aini (Ecological Observation and Wetland Conservation Laboratory, Gresik 61176, East Java, Indonesia)
Muhammad Iqhrammullah (Graduate School of Mathematics and Applied Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Aceh, Indonesia)



Article Info

Publish Date
17 Jul 2026

Abstract

Introduction: Microplastics are found in the oceans and have contaminated fish. Based on these conditions, fish in the sea have experienced a decrease in nutrition, which has the potential to affect human health if consumed; for example, this can lead to stunting in toddlers. The purpose of this study was to identify and examine the presence of microplastics in food and feces of toddlers in the coastal area of Jember Regency. Methods: This observational study used a cross-sectional design and purposively selected 10 toddlers. A questionnaire survey was conducted to collect data on microplastic contamination. Breast milk and feces samples were collected and tested in the laboratory using density separation, membrane filtration, and microscopic observation methods, which were then analyzed descriptively. Results and Discussion: All samples of breast milk and toddler feces have tested positive for contamination by microplastics, with the majority in the form of fibers (mean value 4,8 particles/5 mL; 19,9 particles/5 g) and filaments (mean value 3,7 particles/5 mL; 6,8 particles/5 g). Several factors allow for the presence of microplastic contaminants in the two specimens, including the low processing of single-use plastic waste, consumption patterns of people to consume processed seafood, hot food in plastic containers, and bottled drinking water. Conclusion: Even though microplastic contaminants have been found in breast milk, not giving breast milk to toddlers is not the right solution. Reduce microplastic contamination in the environment by limiting the use of single-use plastics and sustainably processing plastic waste to prevent microplastic exposure in toddlers.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

JKL

Publisher

Subject

Public Health

Description

Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan with registered number ISSN 1829-7285 (printed) and ISSN 2540-881x (online) is a scientific open access journal published by Environmental Health Department of Public Health Faculty, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia. Our journal aims to become a media of research results ...