Enigma in Law
Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): Enigma in Law

Agenda Control as a Veto Point: An Empirical Legal Analysis of Legislative Scheduling Discretion in Indonesia

Mischa Chantal Adella (Department of Forensic Medicine and Medicolegal, Phlox Institute, Palembang, Indonesia)
Niama Nina Indolo (Department of Psychiatry, Gabon State Hospital, Libreville, Republic of Gabon)
Sonya Syarifah (Department of Forensic and Medicolegal, CMHC Research Center, Palembang, Indonesia)



Article Info

Publish Date
23 Jul 2026

Abstract

Digital publics are credited with forcing Indonesia's Sexual Violence Crimes Law onto the statute book in 2022, yet mobilisation against bills has failed to slow them and mobilisation for bills has failed to start them. This study asks where in the constitutional sequence public pressure ceases to determine outcomes, testing whether scheduling discretion under Law No. 12 of 2011 operates as an unregulated veto point. Three evidence layers are combined: two source-verified event chronologies (136 events, 2014–2026; blind re-coding of 30 events, Cohen's κ = 0.952) tested by permutation; direct measurement of intervals between the constitutional stages each bill traverses; and Kaplan–Meier survival analysis of eleven contested bills, one right-censored. Legislative steps followed mobilisation at a median of 20 days in one paired case against a randomisation expectation of 113.5 (p < 0.0001), but at 568.5 days in the other (p = 0.91). Executive responsiveness was near-identical at 24 and 25 days, within the 60-day limit of Article 49(1); the ensuing parliamentary interval, bound by no statutory deadline whatever, ranged from 6 to 1,102 days. Bills opposed by mobilised publics were enacted at a median of 111 days and bills demanded by them at 1,036 days, a contrast directionally consistent across four pre-specified specifications, two of which reach significance, but inferentially fragile at n = 11. Three long-demanded bills never entered joint deliberation. Comparison with Germany, the United Kingdom and the United States identifies transplantable remedies, and three de lege ferenda reforms are drafted.

Copyrights © 2025






Journal Info

Abbrev

law

Publisher

Subject

Humanities Environmental Science Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice

Description

Focus Enigma in Law focused on the development of law fields for human well-being. Scope Enigma in Law publishes articles which encompass all aspects of law fields, especially all type of original articles, review articles, narrative review, meta-analysis, systematic review, mini-reviews and book ...