<![CDATA[Purpose: This study analyzes the competitiveness of Indonesia’s halal food exports in the international market by examining whether export growth has been accompanied by comparative advantage. Methodology/approach: This study uses a quantitative descriptive approach based on secondary trade data on Indonesia’s total exports, halal food exports, and corresponding global trade aggregates. Competitiveness is measured using the Revealed Comparative Advantage and Dynamic Revealed Comparative Advantage approaches. Findings: The results show that Indonesia’s halal food exports have grown in absolute terms, but have not yet achieved a stable comparative advantage in the international market. Competitiveness remains fluctuating, indicating that improvement is still episodic rather than structural. Export performance is also concentrated in limited destination markets and remains affected by tariff barriers, uneven market penetration, and institutional constraints in certification and supply chain efficiency. Practical and Theoretical contribution/Originality: This study shows that large Muslim demographics do not automatically create comparative advantage in halal exports and highlights the importance of export diversification and structural strengthening. Research Limitation: This study is limited to trade-based competitiveness measurement and does not directly examine causal determinants.]]>
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