Fundamental and Applied Management Journal
Vol. 4 No. 3 (2026): September

Digital Leadership and Employee Innovative Behavior: The Mediating Role of Digital Work Competence

Mukhlis (Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Angkatan Laut (STTAL), Jl. Bumimoro, Morokrembangan, Krembangan, Surabaya, East Java 60178, Indonesia)



Article Info

Publish Date
31 Jul 2026

Abstract

Digital transformation creates a practical problem that technology investment alone cannot resolve: employees must interpret leadership direction and possess sufficient perceived competence to convert digital tools into innovative work practices. This cross-sectional study examined whether perceived digital work competence was statistically associated with the relationship between perceived digital leadership and self-reported innovative work behavior. The analysis used 250 complete questionnaires obtained through purposive mixed-mode recruitment from employees who reported routine use of workplace digital applications, at least one year of organizational tenure, and an identifiable immediate supervisor. Organization-, industry-, geographic-, invitation-denominator-, leader-, and response-mode identifiers were not retained in the available study records; the findings are therefore interpreted as associational and limited to the analyzed respondents. Partial least squares structural equation modeling in SmartPLS 3 indicated acceptable indicator loadings, internal consistency, convergent validity, and HTMT point estimates. Perceived digital leadership was positively associated with perceived digital work competence (β = .661, p < .001) and self-reported innovative work behavior (β = .429, p < .001); perceived competence was also associated with innovative behavior (β = .414, p < .001). The specific indirect association was β = .274, 95% CI [.203, .340], while the direct association remained positive. In-sample R² values were .437 for competence and .590 for innovative behavior. The results identify perceived competence as a plausible explanatory variable, not a demonstrated temporal mechanism. Tentative managerial implications favor coordinated leadership development and role-specific digital competence support, while longitudinal, multisource, and contextually identified research is required for causal and generalizable conclusions.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

FAMJ

Publisher

Subject

Economics, Econometrics & Finance Social Sciences

Description

Strategic and Operations Management, addressing strategic decision-making, operational excellence, supply chain, process improvement, and performance management. Business and International Management, covering global strategy, cross-border operations, internationalization, and comparative management ...