Pengaruh Leverage, Profitability, dan Capital Intensity terhadap Tax Avoidance pada Perusahaan Retail di BEI

Marcelino Marcelino (Universitas Tarumanagara)
Herman Ruslim (Universitas Tarumanagara)

Jurnal Manajerial Dan Kewirausahaan
Vol. 8 No. 2 (2026): Jurnal Manajerial dan Kewirausahaan

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh leverage, profitability, dan capital intensity terhadap tax avoidance pada perusahaan retail yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) periode 2020–2024. Tax avoidance diukur menggunakan Cash Effective Tax Rate (CETR), sedangkan leverage diukur dengan Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), profitability menggunakan Return on Assets (ROA), dan capital intensity menggunakan rasio aset tetap terhadap total aset. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain asosiatif dan dianalisis menggunakan regresi data panel. Sampel ditentukan melalui teknik purposive sampling dan menghasilkan 30 perusahaan retail dengan total 150 observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa leverage berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap tax avoidance. Profitability berpengaruh positif namun tidak signifikan terhadap tax avoidance, sedangkan capital intensity juga berpengaruh negatif tetapi tidak signifikan, yang menandakan bahwa besar kecilnya investasi aset tetap tidak memengaruhi strategi penghematan pajak. This study aims to analyze the effect of leverage, profitability, and capital intensity on tax avoidance in retail companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2020–2024 period. Tax avoidance is measured using the Cash Effective Tax Rate (CETR), while leverage is measured using the Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), profitability using Return on Assets (ROA), and capital intensity using the ratio of fixed assets to total assets. This research employs a quantitative approach with an associative design and is analyzed using panel data regression. The sample was selected through purposive sampling and consists of 30 retail companies with a total of 150 observations. The results show that leverage has a negative and significant effect on tax avoidance. Profitability has a positive but insignificant effect on tax avoidance, while capital intensity also shows a negative but insignificant effect, suggesting that the size of fixed asset investment does not influence tax-saving strategies.