Leksema: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra
Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026)

Minke’s Cultural Formation of Postcolonial Nationalism in Toer’s Anak Semua Bangsa

Simon Arsa Manggala (Emglish Letters Department, Faculty of Letters, Universitas Sanata Dharma)
Gabriel Fajar Sasmita Aji (Master's Program in Literature, Faculty of Letters, Universitas Sanata Dharma)
Sri Mulyani (Master's Program in Literature, Faculty of Letters, Universitas Sanata Dharma)



Article Info

Publish Date
22 Apr 2026

Abstract

The second novel of Pramoedya Ananta Toer’s Buru Tetralogy, entitled Anak Semua Bangsa, uplifts cultural formation of the main and prominent character, Minke, especially in dealing with his postcolonial nationalism. Minke’s encounters with various people and cultures impact his worldview in becoming pribumi, or local, of Indonesian people. This research frames the analysis in the light of cultural formation theory, which scrutinizes the dominant, residual, and emergent cultures. Here, Minke’s postcolonial efforts are in accordance with his growing sense of Indonesian nationalism. They cover such as analyzing the position of being marginalized, the resistance, and also the creation of space. Therefore, postcolonial approach is applied towards the data provided by the text of Anak Semua Bangsa. The findings show that Minke’s nationalism is triggered more by the awareness of being marginalized due to his status of being local, or the colonized, by the dominant power of the colonizer. Minke’s resistance against the oppressed authority drives him to embrace of being educated and qualified. Meanwhile, the creation of space is about gaining opportunity to expose his postcolonial writings, which imply his freedom of voicing and also bringing the awareness for the colonized Indonesian people. The research concludes that Minke’s postcolonial nationalism is the result of complex interplay of several aspects, i.e. capital powers, identity formation, and cultural encounters.

Copyrights © 2026






Journal Info

Abbrev

leksema

Publisher

Subject

Humanities Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media

Description

Leksema: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra (Leksema: Language and Literature Journal) is a double-blind peer-reviewed scholarly journal focusing on disseminating research results and conceptual works from language and literature fields of study by publishing them into scientific articles. The linguistic ...