Indonesia Accounting Research Journal
Vol. 13 No. 4 (2026): June: Auditing, Finance, Accounting, Management

Financial performance of islamic commercial banks: Integrating liquidity, profitability, and Maqashid al-Shariah framework

Muhammad Ryan Fahlevi (UIN Jurai Siwo Lampung, Indonesia)
M Fajar Rizky Heryanto (UIN Jurai Siwo Lampung, Indonesia)
Nurul Mahmudah (IAIN Sultan Amai Gorontalo, Indonesia)



Article Info

Publish Date
30 Jun 2026

Abstract

This study examines whether improvements in the financial performance of Islamic Commercial Banks are accompanied by progress in achieving maqashid al-shariah objectives. Previous studies have generally assessed Islamic banking performance using either conventional financial indicators or maqashid-based measures separately, with limited evidence on their relationship at the industry level. This study addresses this gap by integrating financial and maqashid performance within a single analytical framework. A descriptive quantitative approach was employed using secondary data from Islamic Banking Statistics published by the Financial Services Authority (OJK) for the period 2021–2025. Financial performance was evaluated using the Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR) and Return on Assets (ROA), while maqashid performance was measured using the Maqashid Sharia Index (MSI). The findings indicate that FDR increased from 70.12% to 84.62% and ROA improved from 1.55% to 2.03%, reflecting stronger financial intermediation and operational efficiency. However, MSI fluctuated throughout the observation period, suggesting that financial improvement does not necessarily translate into proportional progress in maqashid achievement. Among the maqashid dimensions, Promoting Welfare showed the strongest performance, whereas Educating the Individuals and Establishing Justice remained relatively weaker. These findings highlight that financial and maqashid performance represent complementary but distinct dimensions of Islamic banking evaluation.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

Accounting

Publisher

Subject

Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance

Description

The Indonesia Accounting Research Journal (IACRJ) embraces a range of methodological approaches in identifying and solving significant prioritised accounting issues. Submissions are encouraged across all areas on accounting, finance and cognate disciplines. It is strongly recommended that authors ...