Science and Technology Indonesia
Vol. 11 No. 3 (2026): July

Semiparametric Path Analysis with Truncated Spline: A Simulation Study with Double Resampling Inference

Fachira Haneinanda Junianto (Department of Mathematics, Brawijaya University, Malang, East Java, 65145, Indonesia)
Adji Achmad Rinaldo Fernandes (Department of Statistics, Brawijaya University, Malang, East Java, 65145, Indonesia)
Solimun (Department of Statistics, Brawijaya University, Malang, East Java, 65145, Indonesia)
Ani Budi Astuti (Department of Statistics, Brawijaya University, Malang, East Java, 65145, Indonesia)
Muhammad Hisyam Lee (Department of Mathematical Sciences, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor Bahru, 81310, Malaysia)



Article Info

Publish Date
21 Jun 2026

Abstract

This study proposes a semiparametric path analysis framework that integrates truncated spline modeling with resampling-based inference to capture both linear and nonlinear relationships within a unified structure. The motivation arises from the limitation of conventional path analysis, which relies on linearity assumptions that are often violated in empirical data, as indicated by the Ramsey RESET test. To address this issue, a truncated spline approach is employed to flexibly model nonlinear relationships, while statistical inference is conducted using double resampling techniques. A simulation study is performed to evaluate the performance of resampling methods under varying conditions. The results show that for a sample size of n=200 with a single nonlinear relationship, the double jackknife method provides more stable and efficient estimates compared to alternative approaches. This finding motivates its application in the empirical analysis. The empirical results, based on data from East Java, Indonesia, reveal that technology access has a significant direct effect on both financial knowledge and financial literacy. A nonlinear relationship is identified between technology access and financial literacy, characterized by a threshold effect captured through truncated spline modeling. However, the indirect effect through financial knowledge is found to be statistically insignificant. Overall, the proposed approach offers a flexible and robust framework for modeling complex causal relationships and improves inference accuracy in semiparametric path analysis.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

JSTI

Publisher

Subject

Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Environmental Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Physics

Description

An international Peer-review journal in the field of science and technology published by The Indonesian Science and Technology Society. Science and Technology Indonesia is a member of Crossref with DOI prefix number: 10.26554/sti. Science and Technology Indonesia publishes quarterly (January, April, ...