The International Journal of Pegon Islam Nusantara Civilization
Vol 16 No 01 (2026): Moderasi Beragama dan Dinamika Peradaban Islam Nusantara: Integrasi Tradisi, Pe

Peran Masjid Kuno Dalam Masa Awal Penyebaran Islam di Nusantara

Nanda Ainur Rofiq (Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia)
Amelia Wati (Universitas Nahdlaltul Ulama Indonesia)



Article Info

Publish Date
06 Jul 2026

Abstract

Masjid kuno merupakan salah satu elemen penting dalam proses awal penyebaran Islam diNusantara. Pada masa awal Islamisasi, masjid tidak hanya berfungsi sebagai tempatpelaksanaan ibadah ritual, tetapi juga menjadi pusat kegiatan sosial, pendidikan, politik, dandakwah Islam. Keberadaan masjid-masjid kuno di berbagai wilayah Nusantara, seperti MasjidAgung Demak, Masjid Menara Kudus, Masjid Mantingan, dan masjid tua lainnya,mencerminkan strategi penyebaran Islam yang adaptif terhadap kondisi sosial dan budayamasyarakat setempat. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran masjid kuno dalamkonteks awal perkembangan Islam di Nusantara serta mengkaji makna simbolik danfungsionalnya dalam kehidupan masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitiansejarah dengan pendekatan deskriptif-analitis, melalui kajian literatur, sumber sejarah, dan dataarkeologis yang relevan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa masjid kuno berfungsi sebagai pusatpenyebaran ajaran Islam, lembaga pendidikan keagamaan, serta sarana integrasi sosial antarakomunitas Muslim dan masyarakat lokal. Selain itu, arsitektur masjid kuno yang memadukanunsur Islam dengan tradisi lokal menunjukkan adanya proses akulturasi budaya yang menjadiciri khas Islam Nusantara. Masjid juga berperan dalam memperkuat legitimasi kekuasaanpolitik Islam pada masa awal, terutama dalam konteks kerajaan-kerajaan Islam. Dengandemikian, masjid kuno memiliki peran yang signifikan tidak hanya sebagai bangunankeagamaan, tetapi juga sebagai media strategis dalam proses Islamisasi dan pembentukanidentitas sosial-budaya masyarakat Nusantara. Ancient mosques constitute a crucial element in the early spread of Islam in the Indonesian archipelago. During the initial phase of Islamization, mosques functioned not only as places of ritual worship but also as centers for social, educational, political, and religious propagation activities. The existence of ancient mosques in various regions of the archipelago, such as the Great Mosque of Demak, the Menara Kudus Mosque, the Mantingan Mosque, and other early. Islamic sites, reflects adaptive strategies employed in disseminating Islam within diverse local cultural contexts. This article aims to analyze the role of ancient mosques in the early development of Islam in the archipelago and to examine their functional and symbolic significance in society. This study employs a historical research method with a descriptive- analytical approach, utilizing literature review, historical sources, and relevant archaeological data. The findings indicate that ancient mosques served as centers for the dissemination of Islamic teachings, institutions of religious education, and platforms for social integration between Muslim communities and local societies. Furthermore, the architectural features of ancient mosques, which combine Islamic elements with local traditions, demonstrate a process of cultural acculturation that characterizes the development of Islam in the Nusantara region. Mosques also played a significant role in strengthening political legitimacy during the early formation of Islamic polities. Therefore, ancient mosques represent not only religious structures but also strategic instruments in the process of Islamization and the formation of socio-cultural identity in the Indonesian archipelago.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

INC

Publisher

Subject

Religion Arts Humanities Astronomy Social Sciences Other

Description

This journal specialized academic journal dealing with the theme of religious civilization and literature in Indonesia and Southeast Asia. The subject covers textual and fieldwork studies with perspectives of philosophy, philology, sociology, antropology, archeology, art, history, and many more. ...