Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran (Journal of Medical Science)
Vol 20, No 1 (2026): Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran

Literature Review The Effect of Structured Kegel Exercises on Levator Ani Muscle Tone

Laysa Kasminata (Obstetrics and Gynecology Residents, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Riau / Arifin Achmad General Hospital, Pekanbaru, Indonesia)
Munawar Adhar Lubis (Obstetrics and Gynecology Residents, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Riau / Arifin Achmad General Hospital, Pekanbaru, Indonesia)
Edy Fakhrizal (Obstetrics and Gynecology, Urogynecology Division, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Riau / Arifin Achmad General Hospital, Pekanbaru, Indonesia)



Article Info

Publish Date
15 Jun 2026

Abstract

The levator ani muscle plays a crucial role in maintaining pelvic organ support and continence. Structured Kegel exercises, or pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT), have been widely recommended to improve pelvic floor strength, but their specific effect on levator ani muscle tone remains underexplored. To evaluate the impact of structured Kegel exercise programs on the tone of the levator ani muscle based on recent literature. A literature review was conducted using 15 peer-reviewed articles published between 2014 and 2024. Studies included randomized controlled trials, clinical trials, and scoping reviews that examined structured PFMT and its effect on levator ani tone using various assessment tools, such as perineometry, ultrasonography, and electromyography. The majority of studies demonstrated a significant improvement in levator ani muscle tone following structured and supervised Kegel exercise regimens. Supervision, adherence, and exercise technique were critical to achieving optimal outcomes. Imaging and functional assessment tools consistently reported enhanced tone and pelvic floor support after intervention. Structured Kegel exercises are effective in improving levator ani muscle tone and should be incorporated into clinical protocols for preventing and managing pelvic floor dysfunctions. Further research is needed to assess long-term outcomes and standardize evaluation methods.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

jik

Publisher

Subject

Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Dentistry Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

Description

Journal of Medical Science receives a script from health and medical lecturer, undergraduate, residents, hospital staff and those who interested in writing scientific papers. The scientific articles posted on JIK include: literature reviews, research article, case report and EBCR (Evidence Based ...