JILS (Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies)
Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): Contemporary Legal Responses to Technological, Economic, and Social Change

Tracing Accountability: The Role of Due Diligence in Addressing Business-Related Human Rights Violations

Khushbakht Qaiser (Faculty of Law, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia)
Hasani Mohd Ali (Faculty of Law, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia)
Rohaida Nordin (Faculty of Law, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia)
Zarfishan Qaiser (Faculty of Law, University of the Punjab)



Article Info

Publish Date
13 Jun 2026

Abstract

This article explores the extent to which a corporation can avoid or eliminate the legal liability for a breach of the duty of care following a human rights catastrophe in the business context by proving that it adhered to the United Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (UNGPs) and the rigorous exercise of Human Rights Due Diligence (HRDD). Using a doctrinal legal methodology, it examines the interplay between the concepts of HRDD and core concepts of negligence; the concept of duty of care, foreseeability and breach and causation based on emerging case law and regulatory developments on corporate responsibility. The article argues that although compliance with the UNGPs cannot be used as an automatic defence to civil claims, robust and well-documented HRDD is a significant factor in how courts weigh up what harms were reasonably foreseeable and whether the corporate defendant exercised the standard of care required by law. On the other hands poorly implemented or superficial HRDD would strengthen findings of breach by demonstrating that the company knew but condoned serious risks. By re-conceptualizing HRDD as an evidentiary and normative standard in the field of negligence law, the article has suggested a methodical model of assessing corporate responsibility in business-related human rights violations.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

jils

Publisher

Subject

Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice

Description

JILS (Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies) is a peer reviewed journal published biannual (May and November) by Faculty of Law, Universitas Negeri Semarang. JILS published both Printed and Online version (Print ISSN 2548-1584, Online ISSN 2548-1592). JILS is intended to be the journal for publishing ...