Academia Open
Vol. 11 No. 2 (2026): December

Digital Multicultural Learning Media via Google Sites for Civic Education: Media Pembelajaran Digital Multikultural Berbasis Google Sites untuk Pendidikan Pancasila

Hardianto Hardianto (Program Pascasarjana Magister Pendidikan Dasar, Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar)
Nursalam Nursalam (Program Pascasarjana Magister Pendidikan Dasar, Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar)
Muhajir Muhajir (Program Pascasarjana Magister Pendidikan Dasar, Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar)



Article Info

Publish Date
10 Jul 2026

Abstract

General Background: The integration of interactive digital media is essential in modern elementary education to adapt to globalization and meet the learning needs of digital-native students. Specific Background: Civic Education (PKn) at the elementary school level in Tanrutedong District currently relies on traditional lectures and textbook-based instruction, failing to foster student engagement or internalize multicultural character values. Knowledge Gap: Existing research on digital learning media predominantly emphasizes cognitive outcomes, leaving a significant deficiency in studies that specifically address the affective development of tolerance attitudes within diverse, multicultural classroom environments. Aims: This study aims to develop and test the effectiveness of a multicultural-based digital learning media platform assisted by Google Sites to improve student tolerance and PKn learning outcomes. Results: Utilizing the ADDIE R&D model, the media integrated Bugis-Makassar 3S local wisdom principles (Sipakatau, Sipakalebbi, Sipakainge). Validation results confirmed a very high validity (Gregory’s coefficient = 1.00), and empirical testing revealed a significant N-Gain average of 0.73, signifying high effectiveness in improving both academic achievement and tolerance. Novelty: The study uniquely bridges digital technology with localized Bugis-Makassar cultural values to create a contextually relevant and inclusive educational framework. Implications: This interactive digital platform provides educators with a scalable, practical, and meaningful tool to cultivate democratic character and national unity, suggesting that technology-driven localized pedagogy is vital for character formation in elementary schools. Highlights The Google Sites-based digital media achieved a perfect Gregory validity coefficient of 1.00, demonstrating high expert-approved instructional design quality. Integration of the Bugis-Makassar 3S principles significantly increased student tolerance attitudes through contextual and culturally relevant learning experiences. Quantitative N-Gain analysis confirms high effectiveness in improving learning outcomes compared to conventional teacher-centered instructional methods. Keywords Digital Media; Google Sites; Multicultural Approach; Tolerance Attitude; Civics Learning Outcomes

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Journal Info

Abbrev

acopen

Publisher

Subject

Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

Description

Academia Open is published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo published 2 (two) issues per year (June and December). This journal provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge. This ...