Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) as a Risk Factor for Preeclampsia and Cognitive Dysfunction

Ira Febri Yani (Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hermina Hospital, Tangerang, Indonesia)
Irmiya Rachmiyani (Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti, Jakarta, Indonesia)
Yudhisman Imran (Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti, Jakarta, Indonesia)
Triasti Khusfiani (Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti, Jakarta, Indonesia)
Dina Putri Nasution (Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti, Jakarta, Indonesia)
Emad Yousif (Department of Chemistry, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq)

The Journal of Society Medicine (JSOCMED)
Vol. 5 No. 5 (2026): May

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. PCOS is associated with various metabolic disturbances, such as insulin resistance, obesity, dyslipidemia, and chronic inflammation, which may increase the risk of pregnancy complications, such as preeclampsia. In addition to increasing the risk of preeclampsia, PCOS has also been linked to a decline in cognitive function resulting from the effects of hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance, and systemic inflammation on neuronal function. Therefore, PCOS not only increases the risk of developing preeclampsia but may also play an indirect role in cognitive dysfunction. This narrative review discusses the role of PCOS as a risk factor for preeclampsia and cognitive impairment and the interconnected pathophysiological mechanisms linking these conditions.