Data Science: Journal of Computing and Applied Informatics
Vol. 10 No. 2 (2026): Data Science: Journal of Computing and Applied Informatics (JoCAI) In Press

Size-Controlled Opcode Ablation for Smart Contract Vulnerability Detection

Astrid Pranadani (Universitas Amikom Yogyakarta)
Dhani Ariatmanto (Universitas AMIKOM Yogyakarta)



Article Info

Publish Date
29 Jul 2026

Abstract

Smart contract vulnerability detection requires evaluation protocols that separate real representation signal from dataset-specific artifacts. DIVE provides lifecycle-based tabular features for Ethereum smart contracts, but benchmark performance alone cannot show whether a dominant feature group is useful or only benefits from having many columns. This study examines Opcode Distribution features using 22,330 contracts, 397 processed features, and eight DASP-aligned vulnerability labels. Five multi-label learning configurations were evaluated under 3 x 5 repeated cross-validation, followed by global feature-group ablation, size-controlled random opcode ablation, per-label degradation analysis, cumulative stability analysis, and opcode-profile group-aware robustness checking. MultiOutput LightGBM achieved the best baseline performance, with Micro-F1 of 0.91396, Macro-F1 of 0.82464, and Macro-PR-AUC of 0.90146. Removing the full Opcode Distribution group reduced Macro-F1 to 0.78745, while removing a same-sized random opcode subset produced Macro-F1 of 0.82404. The findings indicate that Opcode Distribution acts as a collective predictive representation rather than a feature-count artifact, without implying causal vulnerability mechanisms.

Copyrights © 2026






Journal Info

Abbrev

JoCAI

Publisher

Subject

Computer Science & IT

Description

Data Science: Journal of Computing and Applied Informatics (JoCAI) is a peer-reviewed biannual journal (January and July) published by TALENTA Publisher and organized by Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Universitas Sumatera Utara (USU) as an open access journal. It welcomes ...