Arkus
Vol. 10 No. 2 (2024): Arkus

Bureaucratic Ethics and the Actualization of Pancasila Values in Public Service Delivery: A Convergent Mixed-Methods Study of a Local Government Institution in Indonesia

Indrayani (Law Study Program, Faculty of Law, Universitas Riau Indonesia, Rengat, Indonesia)
Henry Halim (Law Study Program, Faculty of Law, Universitas Riau Indonesia, Rengat, Indonesia)
Machdaliza (Law Study Program, Faculty of Law, Universitas Riau Indonesia, Rengat, Indonesia)
Aziwarti (Law Study Program, Faculty of Law, Universitas Riau Indonesia, Rengat, Indonesia)
Martimbang Simbolon (Law Study Program, Faculty of Law, Universitas Riau Indonesia, Rengat, Indonesia)



Article Info

Publish Date
01 Oct 2024

Abstract

Public administration in Indonesia is constitutionally bound by the ethical principles of Pancasila, yet systemic bureaucratic pathologies frequently contradict these ideals; limited research has quantified how each value is actualized in frontline service. This convergent parallel mixed-methods study examined the actualization of Pancasila values in public service delivery at a local government institution in Indonesia and its association with perceived public service quality. A qualitative strand (in-depth interviews with bureaucrats, n = 6, and service users, n = 10, participant observation and document analysis) was integrated with a cross-sectional survey of 216 service users and civil servants using six validated multi-item scales (Cronbach's alpha 0.78-0.93). Data were analyzed with Pearson correlation, multiple linear regression, Welch's t-test and one-way ANOVA, reporting effect sizes and 95% confidence intervals. Social cohesion (Sila 3, mean 3.96) and the local Malay ethos (4.07) were strongly actualized, whereas transparency (Sila 4, 2.85), integrity (Sila 1, 3.01) and distributive justice/access (Sila 5, 2.74) were deficient. Transparency (beta = 0.302, 95% CI 0.167-0.345, p < 0.001) and integrity (beta = 0.280, 95% CI 0.146-0.326, p < 0.001) were the strongest predictors of service quality, with the model explaining 60.5% of variance (F(6,209) = 53.41, p < 0.001). Service accessibility declined sharply from urban to rural respondents (d = 0.628; ANOVA eta-squared = 0.147, p < 0.001). Actualizing Pancasila requires structural integrity and transparency reform anchored in local cultural paradigms; a Socio-Cultural Public Service Model is proposed.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

arkus

Publisher

Subject

Religion Humanities Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Medicine & Pharmacology Social Sciences

Description

Arkus publishes original articles, article reviews, and case reports and is designed as a place of dissemination of information and scientific knowledge to develop human wealth. Arkus publishes all manuscripts in multidisciplinary fields (social sciences, sciences, technology, engineering, health, ...