Journal of Law and Legal Reform
Vol. 7 No. 3 (2026): July, 2026

Reconstructing Gender-Responsive Climate Finance: A Comparative Legal Study of Women’s Access to SME Financing

Diani Sadiawati (Faculty of Law, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia)
Alya Zahra Sabira (Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia)
Edward Benedictus Roring (Faculty of Law, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia)
Arie Petra Levy (Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia)
Peter de Meij (Center for International Legal Cooperation, Den Haag, Netherland)



Article Info

Publish Date
13 Jul 2026

Abstract

Climate finance has become a central instrument in supporting the transition toward a low-carbon economy. Yet, its legal architecture often remains insufficiently responsive to gender-based inequalities in access to finance. Women-led green small and medium enterprises (SMEs) may contribute to climate mitigation, adaptation, and local economic resilience, but they frequently face structural barriers embedded in financing rules and procedures. This article examines how climate finance regulation operates as a legal gatekeeping mechanism that may substantively exclude women-led green SMEs. This study employs normative legal research, drawing on statutory, conceptual, and functional-comparative approaches. Indonesia is examined as the primary jurisdiction, while the European Union and Bangladesh are used as comparative jurisdictions based on the shared legal function of eligibility and access within sustainable finance regulation. The study analyzes primary legal instruments, sustainable finance policies, gender mainstreaming mandates, SME financing rules, and climate governance frameworks. It does not conduct empirical fieldwork; rather, it evaluates whether the existing legal architecture enables substantive access. The findings show that gender exclusion in climate finance is not merely a funding problem, but a legal design problem arising from fragmented regulation, formally neutral eligibility standards, and a weak linkage between sustainable finance, SME policy, and gender mainstreaming. The article contributes to sustainable business law by proposing a gender-responsive access framework based on proportional eligibility standards, gender- and MSME-disaggregated reporting, simplified documentation, institutional coordination, and alignment with SDGs 5, 8, and 13.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

jllr

Publisher

Subject

Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice

Description

The Journal seeks to disseminate information and views on matters relating to law reform, including developments in case and statute law, as well as proposals for law reform, be they from formal law reform bodies or from other institutions or ...