<![CDATA[Background: Literary representations of nationalism in postcolonial Indonesia shape historical consciousness and collective identity. Objective: This study examines how nationalism is constructed in the novels of Pramoedya Ananta Toer, focusing on colonial–indigenous relations and identity formation. Method: A qualitative interpretive approach integrates Critical Discourse Analysis, narrative analysis, and postcolonial criticism of the Buru Quartet. Results: Nationalism is constructed through resistance to colonial knowledge, positioning indigenous subjects as active agents, while narratives depict a shift from individual awareness to collective political identity and function as counter-archives to colonial historiography. Implication: These findings affirm literature’s role in reshaping historical narratives and postcolonial identity discourse. Novelty: This study offers an integrative framework linking discourse, narrative, and historiography to reveal nationalism as both a linguistic and narrative construct.]]>
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