Sejarah Pemikiran Ekonomi Islam Pada Masa Khulafaur Rasyidin

Muh Malikussaid Musnur (UIN Alauddin Makassar, Indonesia)
Nur Zalfa Zahliah (UIN Alauddin Makassar, Indonesia)
Nur Annisa Surung (UIN Alauddin Makassar, Indonesia)
Ainal Akhyar Arifin (UIN Alauddin Makassar, Indonesia)

Jurnal of Islamic Economic Studies
Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): March 2026

This research examines the history and evolution of economic thought during the era of the four Rashidun Caliphs: Abu Bakar, Umar, Uthman, and Ali. The study's goal is to analyze their fiscal policies and fundamental principles. The method used is a descriptive-comparative literature review. Abu Bakar developed the Baitul Mal into an organized institution, emphasizing egalitarian distribution. Umar bin Khattab introduced significant innovations like Land Reform (Kharaj), the establishment of Diwan, and a Social Welfare Program. Uthman bin Affan focused on flexible zakat management and Usyur regulation. Ali bin Abi Talib stressed distributive justice and anti-nepotism. Their principles of social justice, transparency, and accountability remain highly relevant as inspiration for contemporary Islamic economics.