Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Vol 43, No 2: August 2026

FireDetXplainer: an explainable artificial intelligence framework for wildfire detection

Janjhyam Venkata Naga Ramesh (Graphic Era Hill University Graphic Era Deemed to Be University)
Bhargavi Peddi Reddy (Vasavi college of Engineering)
Jillellamoodi Naga Madhuri Rajyalakshmi (Velagapudi Rama krishna Siddhartha Engineering College)
Rajyalakshmi Uppada (Aditya University)
Gaddam Venu Gopal (B V Raju Institute of Technology)
Rajesh Tulasi (Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation)



Article Info

Publish Date
01 Aug 2026

Abstract

Wildfires pose significant environmental, ecological, and socioeconomic threats, necessitating rapid and reliable detection systems for timely emergency response and disaster mitigation. Recent advances in deep learning have substantially improved wildfire detection accuracy; however, most existing models operate as black-box systems, limiting transparency and reducing user trust in safety-critical applications. This study proposes FireDetXplainer (FDX), an explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) framework designed to enhance the interpretability of deep learning-based wildfire detection while maintaining high predictive performance. The proposed framework integrates convolutional neural network (CNN)-based image classification with explainability techniques to identify the visual regions that contribute most to wildfire detection decisions. By generating intuitive visual explanations, FDX enables users to understand, validate, and trust the model's predictions, thereby supporting transparent and accountable decision-making. Experimental evaluation demonstrates that the proposed framework effectively distinguishes wildfire images from non-fire scenes while providing meaningful visual interpretations that improve model transparency without compromising detection performance. The findings highlight the potential of explainable AI to strengthen the reliability, usability, and practical deployment of intelligent wildfire monitoring systems for environmental surveillance, disaster management, and early warning applications.

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