<![CDATA[This study aims to describe and analyze principal leadership based on McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y and their relationship to teachers' interpersonal communication patterns at SMP Khadijah 2 Surabaya. The research design used is a mixed method sequential explanatory, which integrates qualitative data from field observations and semi-structured interviews with school residents, as well as quantitative data obtained through questionnaires to 39 roleplay observers from the Educational Management study program. Qualitative findings indicate that Theory Y-based leadership characterized by trust, openness, and participatory communication dominates the principal's daily leadership practices, while Theory X emerges situationally in urgent decision-making conditions. Quantitatively, descriptive analysis of roleplay observers' perceptions shows quite high scores on the five dimensions of teacher interpersonal communication, namely openness, empathy, supportiveness, positivity, and equality. Statistical tests were conducted using SPSS 2022. The novelty of this study lies in the combination of roleplay simulation as an observation medium with standardized instruments in examining principal leadership based on Theories X and Y an approach that has not been widely used in educational research in Indonesia.]]>
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