<![CDATA[This study aims to examine the effect of the Numbered Heads Together (NHT) cooperative learning model on the social studies learning outcomes of elementary school students. The study employed a narrative review method by examining various relevant previous studies. Data sources were obtained by searching for scientific articles in the Google Scholar database using the keywords NHT model, cooperative learning, learning outcomes, and social studies learning in elementary schools. Articles were selected based on specific inclusion criteria and then analyzed using qualitative descriptive methods through the stages of data reduction, categorization, and synthesis of research findings. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of the NHT cooperative learning model has a positive effect on students’ social studies learning outcomes. This model enhances student engagement, learning interest, social interaction, and conceptual understanding through group discussions and individual accountability in the learning process. The effectiveness of the NHT model’s implementation is influenced by teacher readiness, student characteristics, and learning conditions. Therefore, the NHT model can serve as an effective alternative learning strategy to improve the quality of social studies instruction in elementary schools.]]>
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