Adolescents in Indonesia are increasingly turning to digital platforms for mental health support, yet the extent to which they genuinely disclose personal concerns in these settings remains uncertain. This scoping review examines how anonymity features in digital counseling platforms shape the depth of adolescent self-disclosure, analyzed through Suler's Online Disinhibition Effect (ODE) framework. Following the Arksey and O'Malley model and PRISMA-ScR guidelines, a systematic search was conducted across eight academic databases, yielding 15 articles for thematic analysis from an initial pool of 100. Results identify dissociative anonymity and invisibility as the two ODE components most consistently linked to deeper self-disclosure: the former allows adolescents to detach their real identity from what they share, while the latter removes the visual scrutiny that often suppresses openness in face-to-face sessions. The effect of anonymity is not uniform; social anxiety, self-concept, loneliness, and digital literacy each moderate how strongly anonymity facilitates disclosure. In Indonesia's collectivistic cultural context, where mental health stigma remains widespread, anonymity functions less as a convenience and more as a prerequisite without it, many adolescents would not initiate counseling at all. These findings call for platform designs that go beyond technical anonymity, targeted training for digital counselors, and the integration of digital privacy literacy into adolescent e-counseling programs.
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